Skip to main content

New Study Aims to Characterize Patients with Community-Acquired Pressure Injury

This study aimed to classify patients with community-acquired pressure injuries (CAPI) based on pressure injury (PI) risk factors and assess the validity of these classifications. Additionally, it sought to identify the unique characteristics of each group to inform prevention and care strategies.1

Researchers conducted a retrospective review of medical records from 272 patients admitted with CAPI between 2018 and 2019. Data on PI risk factors, CAPI status, and discharge destinations were analyzed. Using Ward's method of Euclidean distance for cluster analysis, patients were categorized into 3 distinct groups. Multiple comparisons were performed to refine the clusters and validate their classifications.1

Results

Three clusters were identified, each with distinct characteristics:1

1.    Maintained ADL and Cognitive Status: Patients in this group exhibited relatively preserved activities of daily living (ADL) and cognitive function, indicating a capacity for self-care and self-management. Preventative measures for this group may focus on education and reinforcing self-care behaviors.

2.    Low ADL: These patients demonstrated significant limitations in ADL and insufficient self-care or home care support, contributing to CAPI development. They often required aged care services, highlighting the need for targeted interventions in care environments to mitigate PI risks.

3.    Very High Risk: Patients in this group were characterized by severe vulnerabilities, including significant caregiver burden and frequent need for medical services. Their care often included terminal care planning, which reflected the advanced nature of their conditions and increased PI risk.

What are the Implications for Practice?

The classification provides a nuanced understanding of CAPI patient profiles, emphasizing the need for tailored care strategies. Early identification and targeted prevention for at-risk groups, along with caregiver support, are critical for mitigating the incidence and burden of CAPI. The findings underscore the importance of integrating individualized care plans within medical and aged care services.1
 

Reference
1.    Nagano M, Kubo Y, Egawa A, Kobayashi M, Sato M. Characteristics of patients with community-acquired pressure injuries. Nurs Open. 2025;12(1):e70128. doi: 10.1002/nop2.70128. PMID: 39739384; PMCID: PMC11684881.
 

The views and opinions expressed in this content are solely those of the contributor, and do not represent the views of WoundSource, HMP Global, its affiliates, or subsidiary companies.